EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL AND NEUROIMAGING CHARACTERISTICS OF INTRAMEDULLARY SPINAL CORD TUMORS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Abstract
Intramedullary tumors of the spinal cord (IMCT) are a relatively rare location. They account for 2 to 4% of all tumors of the central nervous system. In adults, IMOSM occur in 20% of all intraspinal tumors of the spine, in children – in 35%. IMOSM account for 30-50% of primary spinal cord tumors and cause greater disability in patients than with extramedullary ASM. These neoplasms “traditionally” have a worse prognosis than extramedullary neoplasms. It is known that 90% of IMOSM are low-grade gliomas that can be successfully removed. Ependymomas (63–65%) and astrocytomas (24.5–30%) constitute the main group of intramedullary tumors of the spinal cord ; glioblastomas (7.5%), oligodendrogliomas (3%) and other tumors (2%) are much less common . The problem of timely detection of IMOSM remains relevant. Unlike brain tumors, these tumors are benign in most cases. The clinical course of these tumors is most often acute. By the time obvious neurological signs appear, the neurological damage is irreversible.
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